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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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Version 2, June 1991
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Version 2.1, February 1999
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Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
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51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
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Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
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Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
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of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
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of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
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Preamble
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[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts
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as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence
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the version number 2.1.]
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Preamble
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The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
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The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
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freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
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freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
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License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
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Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change
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software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
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free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.
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General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
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Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
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using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
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the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
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your programs, too.
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This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some
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specially designated software packages--typically libraries--of the
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Free Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it. You
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can use it too, but we suggest you first think carefully about whether
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this license or the ordinary General Public License is the better
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strategy to use in any particular case, based on the explanations below.
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When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
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When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use,
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price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
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not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that
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have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
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you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge
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this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
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for this service if you wish); that you receive source code or can get
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if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
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it if you want it; that you can change the software and use pieces of
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in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
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it in new free programs; and that you are informed that you can do
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these things.
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To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
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To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
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anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
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distributors to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender these
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These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
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rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for
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distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
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you if you distribute copies of the library or if you modify it.
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For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
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For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis
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gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
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or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave
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you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
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you. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source
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code. If you link other code with the library, you must provide
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complete object files to the recipients, so that they can relink them
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with the library after making changes to the library and recompiling
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source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
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it. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
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rights.
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We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
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We protect your rights with a two-step method: (1) we copyright the
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(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
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library, and (2) we offer you this license, which gives you legal
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distribute and/or modify the software.
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permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.
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Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
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To protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that
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that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
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there is no warranty for the free library. Also, if the library is
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software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
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modified by someone else and passed on, the recipients should know
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want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
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that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
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author's reputation will not be affected by problems that might be
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authors' reputations.
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introduced by others.
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Finally, software patents pose a constant threat to the existence of
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any free program. We wish to make sure that a company cannot
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effectively restrict the users of a free program by obtaining a
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restrictive license from a patent holder. Therefore, we insist that
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any patent license obtained for a version of the library must be
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consistent with the full freedom of use specified in this license.
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Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
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Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the
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patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
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ordinary GNU General Public License. This license, the GNU Lesser
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program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
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General Public License, applies to certain designated libraries, and
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program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
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is quite different from the ordinary General Public License. We use
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patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
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this license for certain libraries in order to permit linking those
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libraries into non-free programs.
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When a program is linked with a library, whether statically or using
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a shared library, the combination of the two is legally speaking a
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combined work, a derivative of the original library. The ordinary
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General Public License therefore permits such linking only if the
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entire combination fits its criteria of freedom. The Lesser General
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Public License permits more lax criteria for linking other code with
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the library.
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We call this license the "Lesser" General Public License because it
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does Less to protect the user's freedom than the ordinary General
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Public License. It also provides other free software developers Less
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of an advantage over competing non-free programs. These disadvantages
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are the reason we use the ordinary General Public License for many
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libraries. However, the Lesser license provides advantages in certain
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special circumstances.
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For example, on rare occasions, there may be a special need to
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encourage the widest possible use of a certain library, so that it becomes
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a de-facto standard. To achieve this, non-free programs must be
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allowed to use the library. A more frequent case is that a free
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library does the same job as widely used non-free libraries. In this
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case, there is little to gain by limiting the free library to free
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software only, so we use the Lesser General Public License.
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In other cases, permission to use a particular library in non-free
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programs enables a greater number of people to use a large body of
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free software. For example, permission to use the GNU C Library in
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non-free programs enables many more people to use the whole GNU
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operating system, as well as its variant, the GNU/Linux operating
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system.
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Although the Lesser General Public License is Less protective of the
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users' freedom, it does ensure that the user of a program that is
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linked with the Library has the freedom and the wherewithal to run
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that program using a modified version of the Library.
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
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modification follow.
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modification follow. Pay close attention to the difference between a
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"work based on the library" and a "work that uses the library". The
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former contains code derived from the library, whereas the latter must
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be combined with the library in order to run.
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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
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TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
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0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
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0. This License Agreement applies to any software library or other
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a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
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program which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or
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under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
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other authorized party saying it may be distributed under the terms of
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refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
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this Lesser General Public License (also called "this License").
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means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
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Each licensee is addressed as "you".
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that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
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A "library" means a collection of software functions and/or data
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prepared so as to be conveniently linked with application programs
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(which use some of those functions and data) to form executables.
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The "Library", below, refers to any such software library or work
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which has been distributed under these terms. A "work based on the
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Library" means either the Library or any derivative work under
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copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Library or a
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either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
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portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated
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language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
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straightforwardly into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is
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the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
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included without limitation in the term "modification".)
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"Source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work for
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making modifications to it. For a library, complete source code means
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all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated
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interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation
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and installation of the library.
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Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
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Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
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covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
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covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
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running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
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running a program using the Library is not restricted, and output from
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is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
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such a program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based
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Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
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on the Library (independent of the use of the Library in a tool for
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Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
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writing it). Whether that is true depends on what the Library does
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and what the program that uses the Library does.
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1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
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1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Library's
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source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
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complete source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that
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conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
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you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an
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copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
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appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact
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notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
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all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any
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and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
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warranty; and distribute a copy of this License along with the
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Library.
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You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
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You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy,
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you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
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and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a
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fee.
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2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
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2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Library or any portion
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of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
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of it, thus forming a work based on the Library, and copy and
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distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
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distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
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above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
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above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
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a) The modified work must itself be a software library.
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a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
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b) You must cause the files modified to carry prominent notices
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stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
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stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
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b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
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c) You must cause the whole of the work to be licensed at no
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whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
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part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
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parties under the terms of this License.
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charge to all third parties under the terms of this License.
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c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
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d) If a facility in the modified Library refers to a function or a
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when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
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table of data to be supplied by an application program that uses
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interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
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the facility, other than as an argument passed when the facility
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announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
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is invoked, then you must make a good faith effort to ensure that,
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notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
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in the event an application does not supply such function or
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a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
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table, the facility still operates, and performs whatever part of
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these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
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its purpose remains meaningful.
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License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
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does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
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(For example, a function in a library to compute square roots has
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the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
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a purpose that is entirely well-defined independent of the
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application. Therefore, Subsection 2d requires that any
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application-supplied function or table used by this function must
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be optional: if the application does not supply it, the square
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root function must still compute square roots.)
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These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
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These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
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identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
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identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Library,
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and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
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and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
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themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
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themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
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sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
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sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
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distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
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distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
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on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
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on the Library, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
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this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
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this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
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entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
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entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote
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it.
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Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
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Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
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your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
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exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
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collective works based on the Program.
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In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
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In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Library
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a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
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a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
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the scope of this License.
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the scope of this License.
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3. You may opt to apply the terms of the ordinary GNU General Public
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License instead of this License to a given copy of the Library. To do
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this, you must alter all the notices that refer to this License, so
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that they refer to the ordinary GNU General Public License, version 2,
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instead of to this License. (If a newer version than version 2 of the
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that version instead if you wish.) Do not make any other change in
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Once this change is made in a given copy, it is irreversible for
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subsequent copies and derivative works made from that copy.
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This option is useful when you wish to copy part of the code of
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the Library into a program that is not a library.
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3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
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4. You may copy and distribute the Library (or a portion or
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under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
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derivative of it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form
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Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
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under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you accompany
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it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which
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a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
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source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
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1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
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b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
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years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
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cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
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machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
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distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
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must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a
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customarily used for software interchange; or,
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medium customarily used for software interchange.
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c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
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to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
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allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
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received the program in object code or executable form with such
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an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
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The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
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making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
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code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
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associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
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control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
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If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
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5. A program that contains no derivative of any portion of the
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Section 6 states terms for distribution of such executables.
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When a "work that uses the Library" uses material from a header file
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If such an object file uses only numerical parameters, data
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Otherwise, if the work is a derivative of the Library, you may
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Any executables containing that work also fall under Section 6,
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6. As an exception to the Sections above, you may also combine or
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link a "work that uses the Library" with the Library to produce a
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You must give prominent notice with each copy of the work that the
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specified materials from the same place.
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It may happen that this requirement contradicts the license
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where to find the accompanying uncombined form of the same work.
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4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
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However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
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You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
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may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
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the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
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It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
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This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
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certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
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certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
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original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
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may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
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an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries,
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the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
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9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
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13. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new
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of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
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versions of the Lesser General Public License from time to time.
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be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
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Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version,
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address new problems or concerns.
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Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
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either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
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this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
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Foundation.
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the Free Software Foundation.
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10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
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14. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Library into other free
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programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
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programs whose distribution conditions are incompatible with these,
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to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
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write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is
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Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
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copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free
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make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
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Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our
|
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of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
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decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status
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of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
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of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing
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and reuse of software generally.
|
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|
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NO WARRANTY
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435 |
NO WARRANTY
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11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
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437 |
15. BECAUSE THE LIBRARY IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO
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FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
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438 |
WARRANTY FOR THE LIBRARY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
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OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
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EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR
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PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
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OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE LIBRARY "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
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OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
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IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
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PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE
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PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
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LIBRARY IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE LIBRARY PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME
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REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
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THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
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12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
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16. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN
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WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
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WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY
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REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
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AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE LIBRARY AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU
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INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
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OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
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TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
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LIBRARY (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING
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YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
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RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A
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PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
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FAILURE OF THE LIBRARY TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER SOFTWARE), EVEN IF
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POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
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SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
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DAMAGES.
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END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
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458 |
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
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|
282 |
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
|
|
|
283 |
|
|
|
284 |
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
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|
285 |
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
|
|
|
286 |
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
|
|
|
287 |
|
|
|
288 |
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
|
|
|
289 |
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
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|
290 |
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
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|
291 |
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
|
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|
292 |
|
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|
293 |
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
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|
294 |
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
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|
295 |
|
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|
296 |
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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|
297 |
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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|
298 |
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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|
299 |
(at your option) any later version.
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|
300 |
|
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|
301 |
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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|
302 |
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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|
303 |
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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|
304 |
GNU General Public License for more details.
|
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|
305 |
|
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|
306 |
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
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Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
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Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
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If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
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when it starts in an interactive mode:
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Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
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Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
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This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
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under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
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The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
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parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
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be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
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mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
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You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
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school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
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necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
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Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
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`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
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<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
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Ty Coon, President of Vice
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This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
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proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
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consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
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library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
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Public License instead of this License.
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